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''Setaria'' is a genus of parasitic roundworms that infect domesticated mammals such as pigs, camels, cattle and horses. Some species also infect wild mammals such as deer and antelope. The genus consists of about 43 species. Members of the genus are uniquely parasites in the abdominal cavity of the body. They are mostly large-sized roundworms, possessing an elaborate head (cephalic) region that is characterised by spines, presence of four lips, and well-guarded mouth. Little is known about their pathogenic effects, but some are known to affect nervous system and eye. The larval infective forms are transmitted from one animal to another by the bite of mosquitoes and flies. In addition ''Setaria marshalli'' can be transmitted from the womb to new-born calf. ==Species== Some important species of the genus are: *''Setaria cervi'' which are parasites of buffalo, bison, deer and antelope. They are capable of migrating to central nervous system causing serious neurological disease. They are found worldwide and predominantly in Europe and Asia. Stable fly ''Haematobia stimulans'' is the major vector. *''Setaria digitata'' which are parasites of cattle in Asia. It was introduced to Mauritius. Different species of mosquitoes including those of ''Aedes'', ''Culex'' and ''Anopheles'' are vectors. In central Japan ''Anopheles sinensis'' is the major vector. *''Setaria equina'' which are parasites of horses, mules, and donkeys, and also capable of infecting cattle and camels. Mosquito species of ''Aedes'' are the primary vectors. They are most prevalent in Kenya. *''Setaria javensis'' which are parasites of mouse-deer in Malaysia. They are transmitted by ''Aedes togoi''. *''Setaria labiotapapillosa'' which are parasites of cattle, as well as other domesticated animals. ''Aedes togoi'' and ''Anopheles hyrcanus'' are the vectors in Japan, while ''Mansonia'' spp. are vectors in Kenya, and ''Aedes caspius'' in Italy. *''Setaria marshalli'' which are parasites of cattle. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Setaria (roundworm)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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